🛶 First contact: 1543, Portuguese ship drifts to Tanegashima. Within years, matchlock guns ( tanegashima ) revolutionize samurai warfare.
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⛪️ Jesuit Francis Xavier arrives 1549 — Christianity spreads, but so does suspicion.
🎨 Nanban art: folding screens ( byobu ) depict exotic red-haired foreigners with long noses, riding strange animals (horses! elephants!?)